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Human Papillomavirus
Human
papillomaviruses (HPV) are common viruses that can cause warts. There
are more than 100 types of HPV. Most are harmless, but about 30 types
put you at risk for cancer. These types affect the genitals and you get
them through sexual contact with an infected partner. They are
classified as either low-risk or high-risk. Low-risk HPV can cause genital warts. High-risk HPV can lead to cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, and anus in women. In men, it can lead to cancers of the anus and penis.
Although some people develop genital warts from HPV infection,
others have no symptoms. Your health care provider can treat or remove
the warts. In women, Pap smears can detect changes in the cervix that
might lead to cancer.
Correct usage of latex condoms greatly reduces, but does not
eliminate, the risk of catching or spreading HPV. A vaccine can protect
against several types of HPV, including some that can cause cancer.
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